Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Nanocoating of biomedical materials may be considered the most essential developing field recently, primarily directed at improving their tribological behaviors that enhance their performance and durability.
In orthodontics, as in many medical fields, friction reduction by nanocoatings among different orthodontic components is considered a substantial milestone in the development of biomedical technology that reduces orthodontic treatment time. The friction of coated L SS archwires coated with Ta, Nb, and V plasma sputtering is hardly mentioned in the literature as of yet.
Moreover, sputtering time had no substantial role in the friction reduction of coatings. Nanocoating of L SS bulk material by Nb and Ta with a 1-hour plasma sputtering time can enhance dramatically its tribological behavior. Higher coating hardness, smaller nanoparticle size, intermediate surface coating roughness, and lower surface binding energy of the coatings may play a vital role in friction reduction of the coated L SS corresponding to SS orthodontic archwires, predicting to enhance orthodontic treatment.
Developing biomaterials with less friction and high wear resistance is considered a substantial issue in the fabrication of long-standing and better-performance biomaterials in many medical fields, namely, orthodontics, focused on the reduction of treatment time and overcoming high orthodontic force abuse that may lead to unwanted treatment sequelae such as roots and alveolar bone resorption.
Studying the tribology of biomedical materials is substantial to increase their durability and enhance their performance [ 2 ]. The industrial, commercial, and agricultural sectors as well as the pharmaceutical and medical sciences have advanced technology, and this technology performed so swiftly [ 3 , 4 ]. Nevertheless, compared to their bulk material, their properties at the nanoscale are vastly improved [ 5 ].
