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Mizuno Y. Prenatal diagnosis of transposition of the great arteries TGA has been progressing, and the surgical outcome from the arterial switch operation is usually successful. However, some neonates, especially who have intact ventricular septum or small ventricular septal defect VSD , show severe hypoxemia soon after birth and even die in preoperative period.
In such cases, immediate balloon atrial septostomy BAS is needed in order to improve mixing of the pulmonary and systemic circulation. We aimed to identify the prenatal echocardiographic features that may predict the need for urgent BAS. We reviewed the echocardiograms of the fetuses prenatally diagnosed as TGA and managed at our institution between January and December , retrospectively. We assessed their ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale on the basis of the past several studies.
We measured the diameter of the ductus arteriosus and reviewed the Doppler flow pattern. Regarding the analysis of the atrial septum, we measured the maximal angle of flap of the foramen ovale and calculated the ratio of the maximal bulging of the foramen ovale towards the left atrial wall to the left atrial width, as well as the ratio of the foramen ovale length to the atrial septal length.
We also focused on the shape of the foramen ovale. The gestational age at birth and birth weight were not significantly different between the fetuses as well. There was no significant difference in the arterial duct z score, and no one had reverse ductal flow. Conclusion: The angle of flap of the FO, and FO to atrial septum length ratio which were obtained by fetal echo cardiogram can be helpful for predicting the need for urgent BAS after birth.
Tsukinaga R. Long QT syndrome LQTS is a hereditary cardiac disease associated with a high risk of life-threatening events such as syncope, ventricular tachycardia, and Torsades de Pointes. Since the early diagnosis and treatment may help to prevent life-threatening events, early detection or suspicion of LQTS in utero is clinically important. Data were retrospectively analyzed using the medical records of women with LQTS who delivered between and at National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center in Japan.